How To Find a Wormhole

Alexander Shatskiy of the Lebedev Physical Institute in Moscow has suggested a way to tell the difference between black holes and wormholes, portals that link parallel universes and different regions of space-time. It is possible that the reason why no wormholes have ever been detected is that they resemble black holes.

Shatskiy’s hypothesis is based on the existence of a substance called “phantom matter” which has negative energy and negative mass, which creates a repulsive effect. This keeps the wormhole open. Shatskiy says that scientists could spot wormholes by watching for light deflected by phantom matter.

The gravity of an object with positive mass causes something called “gravitational lensing” - light rays passing close to the object are focused as if the object were a giant concave lens. Light rays passing close to a black hole, which has positive mass, would behave this way.

Because phantom matter has negative mass, it would have the opposite effect on light rays.  Any light passing through a wormhole from another universe or another point in space-time would emerge from the wormhole in the form of a bright ring, with any stars behind it shining through the middle.

Some scientists argue that other objects, such as negative energy “stars” could create a similar effect. In addition, today’s telescopes are not powerful enough to detect a wormhole “signature” in enough detail.

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